8 months going by without installing any updates leads one to conclude
that the system is most likely compromised.
The 0x80070057 error is usually associated with an HTTP proxy settings
issue that prevents BITS from starting as a running service, as
Taurarian has previously noted.
Malware is inclined to do that.

*Strongly suggest* that the system be scanned for the presence of
malware using Malwarebytes Anti-malware before attempting any update
troubleshooting: http://www.malwarebytes.org/

Click the " Download free version " button.
*Save* mbam-setup.exe
Once the download completes close *all* open browsers and programs.
Now run mbam-setup.exe and allow it to update during it's installation.
Once the installation completes, MBAM should open. If not, open it.
Be sure the Quick scan option is marked and then click the Scan button.
When the scan completes, click the Show results button.
Ensure anything detected is checked and then click the Remove selected
button.
Restart the system if requested to.

IF anything was detected please post the MBAM scan log.
Documents and Settings\<UserAccountName>\Application
Data\Malwarebytes\Malwarebytes Anti-Malware\Logs