Fiber-optic network architecture

**Betelgeuse** · 07-02-2011

We all know that in the future broadband infrastructure will play an important role in fiber optic cable. Now I am here again, to know more about the architecture of the fiber-optic network. I have tried to search it on net, but didn't find any suitable information from there. So thought to post here and get some useful information from you members. I am sure that someone from your side will help me soon as possible.

**Pikachoo** · 07-02-2011

To achieve high bandwidth at the local loop, the network operators are forced to the "last mile" to rebuild in the fixed network of the pure copper cabling to fiber optic cabling. The "last mile" the route of the line from the exchange to the subscriber at the customer. On the road to full "glass" there are various network architectures that provide for a combination of copper cables and fiber optic cable. The following text describes network architectures that use fiber optic cable on the "last mile" to customers.

FTTC - Fiber-to-the-Curb
FTTB - Fiber-to-the-Building
FTTH - Fiber-to-the-Home
FTTD - Fiber-to-the-Desk

These are but only at the architecture of the wiring. For different architectures, various techniques have been developed to bridge the distance between the exchange and subscriber with a corresponding combination of fiber and copper cable.

**Janhavi4U** · 07-02-2011

I would like to discuss about traditional fixed-line. Typically, the traditional fixed-network consists of a continuous copper cabling. Except the mediation Featured (Vst) is. Which is approached since the digitalization of the telephone network with fiber. The rest of the distance from the subscriber terminal (TE) to the local loop (TA), APL (connection point line technology), to the street cabinet (CPC) on the road to the exchange (Vst) consists entirely of copper cable.

**Otto** · 07-02-2011

Fiber-to-the-Curb (FTTC) means fiber to the curb / roadside. Since the roadside is usually a gray box that contains a terminal block connector. The FTTC architecture provides that the fiber ends in the street cabinet. From there, the existing copper cable to be used until a customer. In the street cabinet for an active component is installed, which converts the signals from fiber to copper cables or vice versa. This is different on both sides of the transmission technology. The implementation is relatively complex and requires active components. Because the main cables are laid in the urban area in pipes, fiber optic cable can be here move economically. Just open manhole cover and then move in a free pipe, the fiber optic cable up to the next manhole cover. The problem is the wiring between the exchange (VST) and cable distributors in rural areas. There, the copper cable is usually buried directly in the ground. The exchange through a fiber optic cable is not so easy. For the installation of a fiber must be buried as a rule the earth.

**Norberd** · 07-02-2011

Fiber-to-the-Building (FTTB) means "fiber to the building". The FTTB architecture provides that the fiber ends within the building in which the customer is connected. More specifically, said ends of which the fiber optic cable on the APL or close. The APL (connection point outside plant) is located mostly in the basement of the building. Inside the building the existing copper wiring is used to get into the homes to the local loop (TA) and from there to the end devices. This architecture is mainly used in urban areas. It is conceivable, the connection of high-rise buildings, apartment buildings or housing estates, where many housing units are available. Most of the street cabinet or the central office is right in front of the house. Because it makes sense, and from there to move a fiber to the building. Inside the building is then supplied via VDSL2 on existing in-house phone wiring to each apartment with internet.

Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) means "fiber to the home". The FTTH architecture requires that the fiber optic cable in the dwellings of the customers at the local loop (TA) ends. In general, this is a socket in the wall, which is located in a central place in the apartment. Here is a gigabit fiber to the home connection. FTTH is not to say that is transferred from the exchange to each customer a fiber optic cable. Starting from the FTTC architecture, the copper wire from street cabinet to the subscriber line of the customer to be replaced by a fiber optic cable. The street cabinet is duplicated by an optical splitter, the light signal on all outgoing fiber optic cables. For FTTH, and also for home networking, it needs a fiber optic cable, the optical properties of optical fibers and the flexibility of copper cable has. In the areas of FTTH occur much smaller bending radii, as in conventional fiber optic installations.

**Sanith** · 07-02-2011

I would like to add some more information. At the lowest level where two fiber optic cabling system. First, PON (PtMP) and PtP. PON is a point-to-multipoint topology in groups of 32 or 64 participants. Here the participants share a common fiber optic feed. Contrary to this is PtP Ethernet, where each participant gets its own fiber from the nearest network node (VST). Fiber-to-the-Desk (FTTD) means "fiber to the desk." It is a so-called "full glass" in which, the entire transmission path from the central office to the desk of fiberglass. This means that even from the connector to the terminal device is a fiber optic cable.