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Thread: CentOS Installation from Bootable Media

  1. #1
    Join Date
    May 2008
    Posts
    432

    CentOS Installation from Bootable Media

    CentOS is a Linux distribution based entirely on Redhat. One can even say that it is a compatible copy from Redhat. But unlike the latter, it is totally free. She has also followed the same policy as Redhat, since each version is maintained for 7 years. Thus CentOS 5.1 will be updated until 31 March 2014. Let us say right away, CentOS is not for those who always want the latest versions of software, but rather to those who seek a solid cast, tested, whose programs have been tested, and want to enjoy the range provided in the form of RPM. It will be especially appreciated in a professional environment, or for people not wanting to spend their time watching and make updates.

    To install it, it has a DVD or cdrom 6. It is also possible to install netinstall from an iso dedicated netinstall or launched from the live cdrom. So I tried first did a CentOS-5 LiveCD to see if my computer accepted it without problems. It works pretty well. It's like GNOME 2.16 desktop. Just the usual options to boot my old PC nolapic noapic acpi = force. All my PC and my devices are recognized without history. Automatic dhcp Ethernet connection. You end up with a keyboard that turns into U.S. en easily from the Preferences. Content of this test I decided to install from a DVD which I downloaded and burned the ISO image.

    Quick Setup of CentOS via Bootable Disc
    • Let's do a minimal install on the network (netinstall), in which only need to download an installation CD image from less than 9MB. Let's start, first you have to download the image. Iso and burn to a CD, USB device or whatever you want.
    • Once saved, start the machine via USB device or CD-ROM to begin installation. Boot from CD and Select the installation language. Select the keyboard type.
    • We are installing over the Internet, so that the next step select HTTP or FTP for the type of device that contains the packages to be installed.
    • It's time to configure our interfaces, whether it is a particular machine, the network will normally configured by DHCP, so the default settings work correctly, otherwise we have to choose manual configuration, and specify the values IP, Netmask, DNS, Gateway, etc.
    • Now enter the URL and path where the CentOS packages for network installation. At this point is recovering the image to proceed with the installation.
    • After the welcome message, proceed to the partition configuration in / discs. If you receive a message similar to the following image, it means that the disc has not been initialized (empty) or who has any kind of problem in the partition table (old record, with a problem in the previous system installed, etc. ) If you have no data that ye preserve these records, accept initialization.
    • Now is the time to setup disk partitioning. This depends on the needs of everyone, when in doubt you can let the system itself who you create a standard partitioning.
    • You will see that you create a basic partition with swap space (swap) partition / boot to boot and the root / to house the system. At this point if you wish, you can modify any of the partitioning, LVM modify, create a software RAID, etc.
    • Comes time to choose the boot loader, GRUB use if you want to install more systems, modify kernel parameters or select which one to use at startup, etc. The boot loader configuration we leave as is, without modification.
    • You want you can specify a password for the grub, if you decide to do so, each time you boot your computer, the system will not pass until grub password, I leave it empty.
    • Selecting partition to install the boot loader (first sector of boot partition or MBR):
    • Back to indicate the possibility of reconfiguring our network cards, omit the same if you do not want.
    • ow configure the hostname of your machine / Time Settings / Root password
    • Finally you will have to choose the packages and applications to install. In this case, since a minimal installation unmark all, at this point you can select the appropriate software Esteem by clicking on "Customize software selection" you have more details available packages (Gnome or KDE graphical environment, virtualization applications, programs, etc). Now the system will check the dependencies of selected packages start disk formatting and installation, only have to wait to complete the download and installation, restart your computer and our system CentOS 5.4 is ready.

  2. #2
    Join Date
    May 2008
    Posts
    432

    Re: CentOS Installation from Bootable Media

    Network Setup of CentOS

    Make sure an installation CD-ROM (or any other type of CD-ROM) is not in the drive if you are installing network type. Indeed, the presence of a CD-ROM drive can enter unexpected errors. The media installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux must be available either for a network installation type (NFS, FTP or HTTP) or installation via local storage. Use Describes steps below if you are installing via NFS, FTP or HTTP.
    • It is necessary the NFS server, FTP or HTTP used for network installation or a spare machine which can provide the RedHat / directory in its totality. Both RedHat / base / and RedHat / RPMS / must be not only available, but must also contain all the files of all CD-ROM. The specified directory in the following passage makes REFERENCES / location / of / disk / space /. That means it is the directory up until one of the RedHat /, but does not include it. For example, if the installation files for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 is located in / export / rhel / on the installation staging server, the corresponding file / location / of / disk / space / would be / export / rhel /.
    • To copy the RedHat / CD-ROM to a Linux machine acting as the installation staging server, perform the following steps:
    • For each binary CD-ROM, run the following commands:
    • mount / mnt / cdrom
    • cp-var / mnt / cdrom / RedHat / location / of / disk / space /
    • o / location / of / disk / space / by delegates from the directory that you create such as / export / rhel /
    • umount / mnt / cdrom /
    • Note that the update notes are not included in the RedHat / directory. They are formatted in HTML files are located under the root of the disk. Copy these files to your installation directory.
    • Then, make / location / of / disk / space / available for network installation via NFS, FTP, HTTP and Verify CASC from a client system.
    • For NFS, export the directory by adding an entry in / etc / exports to export to make this a system that chih Specifications:
    • / Location / of / disk / space client.ip.address (ro, no_root_squash)
    • To export the directory to all machines (which is not appropriate for all systems NFS), add:
    • / Location / of / disk / space * (ro, no_root_squash)
    • You Started the NFS daemon (on a Red Hat Enterprise Linux machine, use / sbin / service nfs start). If NFS is already under Run, reload the configuration file (on a Red Hat Enterprise Linux, use / sbin / service nfs reload). Make sure to test the NFS share following the instructions in the System Administration Guide for Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
    • If the RedHat / directory does not appear in the directory shared, it is possible that a bad path has t Mount CASC and / or export.
    • Facilities via FTP and HTTP are also supported a type of tree structure. To simplify the contents CASC CD-ROM, mount the FTP server or HTTP each CD-ROM or ISO image with the following mount point (where X is the num REFERENCES ro CD-ROM or ISO image):
    • / Location / of / disk / space / disc X /

    NFS Installation from ISO

    NFS installations can be done with images (ISO or CD-ROM) rather than copy an installation tree Entire. After having placed the ISO images necessaries (CD-ROM binaries of Red Hat Enterprise Linux) in a directory, choose to install via NFS. You then point the installation program at that directory to do the installation itself.

    To avoid the problem encountered an installation via NFS, it is advisable to verifier all ISO images are intact before you even try to start the installation. To do this, use an md5sum program (many md5sum programs are available for DIFFERENT operating systems). An md5sum program should be available on the same server as the ISO images.

    Setup Red Hat Enterprise Linux can test the installation integrity of mediums. It works with the methodologies used to install from CD-ROM, DVD, hard drive ISO, and NFS ISO. Red Hat recommends that you test all installation media starts before starting the installation process and before reporting any bugs associated with the installation (many bugs are actually due to improperly-burned CD-ROM s). To use this test, type the following command prompt boot: (prcd of elilo for Itanium systems): Linux mediacheck.

    Moreover, if a file exists in the named updates.img directory from which you are installing, it will then be used during updates of the setup. You can have in a directory that the ISO images for one release and one variant of Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

  3. #3
    Join Date
    May 2008
    Posts
    432

    Re: CentOS Installation from Bootable Media

    Hard Drive Setup

    The hard drive installations only work from the file systems ext2, ext3, or FAT. If you have another file system like reiserfs, you cannot perform such an installation. The hard drive installations uses ISO images (or CD-ROM). An ISO image is a file containing an exact copy of an image CD-ROM. Given that Red Hat Enterprise Linux availing oneself of many packages included with its distribution, several ISO images are available. After having placed the ISO images (CD-ROM Red Hat Enterprise Linux binaries in a directory), choose to install from the hard drive. You can then point the installation program at that directory to install.

    Busy preparing for your system installation from the hard drive, you must configure the system for one of the following:
    • Using a set of CD-ROM - Creze ISO image files from CD-ROM from each CD-ROM. For each one, run the following command on a Linux system: dd if = / dev / cdrom of = / tmp / file-name. iso
    • Using ISO images - Transfers these images on the system install. Verifier that ISO images are intact before you attempt an installation helps to avoid many problem. To do this, use an md5sum program (many md5sum programs are available for DIFFERENT operating systems). An md5sum program should be available on the same Linux machine as the o are the ISO images.
    • Installing debootstrap in RHEL / CentOS
    • Debootstrap is a tool that is used to create a Debian base system from scratch, without the need to use dpkg or apt. Basically you download the files. Deb later to unpack in a directory in which we can then make chroot. In my case it was needed to virtualizes a Debian system from CentOS using Xen. Use debootstrap to build a Debian system partition within a logical volume and then this volume is the use as virtual machine (but that's another matter.)
    • To install deboostrap in RHEL / CentOS or Fedora rpm before we got the question (in this case the 32-bit): wget ftp://ftp.muug.mb.ca/mirror/fedora/e...el5.noarch.rpm
    • Gettext installed as required as a dependency: yum install gettext
    • And finally install debootstrap: rpm-Uvh debootstrap-1.0.7-3.el5.noarch.rpm
    • We can make use of the tool, in the following example to install Debian Lenny i386 from the Debian FTP within a logical volume mounted as / home / vm / debian /: debootstrap - arch i386 xxx / home / vm / debian / http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian
    • Once the process and could access the system with chroot: chroot / home / vm / debian /

    What I Like in CentOS
    • installation simple enough but we must see all the possibilities, the default choices offered are questionable for automatic partitioning and grub. It is better to use manual partitioning preference and thoroughly check all the checkboxes.
    • Gnome interface and the default theme and pretty icons.
    • The system yum update.
    • GUI network setting.
    • Audio CD playback not so good.
    • you can install mail client like Thunderbird 1.5 from the repositories.
    • the firewall is very simple to configure: it simply chooses the allowed protocols.

    What I don’t Like in CentOS
    • no plugins for firefox (flash must be manually installed, not found for totem and java)
    • problems samba Windows network does not work (at least not successful in this short test) and blocks the entire Windows network becomes inaccessible for any PC on the network, only the SMB connection to a remote server works correctly.
    • absence of good codecs and unable to play a DVD and mp3 with totem or a video on the Web.
    • versions of some old applications (firefox 1.5, Oo 2.0, gnome 2.16)
    • management in yum deposits slightly disconcerting at first, deposit media inaccessible (in fact it is the filing CDRom).
    • active network manager by default must be disabled or removed if we want a static IP and DNS are choices as per preference.
    • Os slower than Debian in loads of applications and services.

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